diff --git a/judge/comments.py b/judge/comments.py
index bb8f32b..be33a4e 100644
--- a/judge/comments.py
+++ b/judge/comments.py
@@ -86,11 +86,6 @@ class CommentForm(ModelForm):
 class CommentedDetailView(TemplateResponseMixin, SingleObjectMixin, View):
     comment_page = None
 
-    def get_comment_page(self):
-        if self.comment_page is None:
-            raise NotImplementedError()
-        return self.comment_page
-
     def is_comment_locked(self):
         if self.request.user.has_perm("judge.override_comment_lock"):
             return False
diff --git a/judge/migrations/0158_migrate_pagevote.py b/judge/migrations/0158_migrate_pagevote.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5563854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/judge/migrations/0158_migrate_pagevote.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2.18 on 2023-08-03 07:40
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
+
+
+def migrate_pagevote(apps, schema_editor):
+    PageVote = apps.get_model("judge", "PageVote")
+    Problem = apps.get_model("judge", "Problem")
+    Solution = apps.get_model("judge", "Solution")
+    BlogPost = apps.get_model("judge", "BlogPost")
+    Contest = apps.get_model("judge", "Contest")
+
+    for vote in PageVote.objects.all():
+        page = vote.page
+        try:
+            if page.startswith("p:"):
+                code = page[2:]
+                vote.linked_object = Problem.objects.get(code=code)
+            elif page.startswith("s:"):
+                code = page[2:]
+                vote.linked_object = Solution.objects.get(problem__code=code)
+            elif page.startswith("c:"):
+                key = page[2:]
+                vote.linked_object = Contest.objects.get(key=key)
+            elif page.startswith("b:"):
+                blog_id = page[2:]
+                vote.linked_object = BlogPost.objects.get(id=blog_id)
+            vote.save()
+        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
+            vote.delete()
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ("contenttypes", "0002_remove_content_type_name"),
+        ("judge", "0157_auto_20230801_1145"),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name="pagevote",
+            name="content_type",
+            field=models.ForeignKey(
+                null=True,
+                on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                to="contenttypes.contenttype",
+            ),
+        ),
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name="pagevote",
+            name="object_id",
+            field=models.PositiveIntegerField(default=None),
+            preserve_default=False,
+        ),
+        migrations.AlterUniqueTogether(
+            name="pagevote",
+            unique_together={("content_type", "object_id")},
+        ),
+        migrations.AddIndex(
+            model_name="pagevote",
+            index=models.Index(
+                fields=["content_type", "object_id"],
+                name="judge_pagev_content_ed8899_idx",
+            ),
+        ),
+        migrations.RunPython(migrate_pagevote, migrations.RunPython.noop, atomic=True),
+    ]
diff --git a/judge/migrations/0159_auto_20230803_1518.py b/judge/migrations/0159_auto_20230803_1518.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..691121b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/judge/migrations/0159_auto_20230803_1518.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2.18 on 2023-08-03 08:18
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ("contenttypes", "0002_remove_content_type_name"),
+        ("judge", "0158_migrate_pagevote"),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name="pagevote",
+            name="content_type",
+            field=models.ForeignKey(
+                on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                to="contenttypes.contenttype",
+            ),
+        ),
+    ]
diff --git a/judge/migrations/0160_migrate_bookmark.py b/judge/migrations/0160_migrate_bookmark.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fa1b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/judge/migrations/0160_migrate_bookmark.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2.18 on 2023-08-03 08:32
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
+
+
+def migrate_bookmark(apps, schema_editor):
+    BookMark = apps.get_model("judge", "BookMark")
+    Problem = apps.get_model("judge", "Problem")
+    Solution = apps.get_model("judge", "Solution")
+    BlogPost = apps.get_model("judge", "BlogPost")
+    Contest = apps.get_model("judge", "Contest")
+
+    for bookmark in BookMark.objects.all():
+        page = bookmark.page
+        try:
+            if page.startswith("p:"):
+                code = page[2:]
+                bookmark.linked_object = Problem.objects.get(code=code)
+            elif page.startswith("s:"):
+                code = page[2:]
+                bookmark.linked_object = Solution.objects.get(problem__code=code)
+            elif page.startswith("c:"):
+                key = page[2:]
+                bookmark.linked_object = Contest.objects.get(key=key)
+            elif page.startswith("b:"):
+                blog_id = page[2:]
+                bookmark.linked_object = BlogPost.objects.get(id=blog_id)
+            bookmark.save()
+        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
+            bookmark.delete()
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ("contenttypes", "0002_remove_content_type_name"),
+        ("judge", "0159_auto_20230803_1518"),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name="bookmark",
+            name="content_type",
+            field=models.ForeignKey(
+                null=True,
+                on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                to="contenttypes.contenttype",
+            ),
+        ),
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name="bookmark",
+            name="object_id",
+            field=models.PositiveIntegerField(default=1),
+        ),
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name="bookmark",
+            name="score",
+            field=models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="votes"),
+        ),
+        migrations.AlterUniqueTogether(
+            name="bookmark",
+            unique_together={("content_type", "object_id")},
+        ),
+        migrations.AddIndex(
+            model_name="bookmark",
+            index=models.Index(
+                fields=["content_type", "object_id"],
+                name="judge_bookm_content_964329_idx",
+            ),
+        ),
+        migrations.AddIndex(
+            model_name="makebookmark",
+            index=models.Index(
+                fields=["user", "bookmark"], name="judge_makeb_user_id_f0e226_idx"
+            ),
+        ),
+        migrations.RunPython(migrate_bookmark, migrations.RunPython.noop, atomic=True),
+    ]
diff --git a/judge/migrations/0161_auto_20230803_1536.py b/judge/migrations/0161_auto_20230803_1536.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e12b9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/judge/migrations/0161_auto_20230803_1536.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2.18 on 2023-08-03 08:36
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ("contenttypes", "0002_remove_content_type_name"),
+        ("judge", "0160_migrate_bookmark"),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name="bookmark",
+            name="content_type",
+            field=models.ForeignKey(
+                on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE,
+                to="contenttypes.contenttype",
+            ),
+        ),
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name="bookmark",
+            name="object_id",
+            field=models.PositiveIntegerField(),
+        ),
+    ]
diff --git a/judge/models/bookmark.py b/judge/models/bookmark.py
index 61afd0c..c773fde 100644
--- a/judge/models/bookmark.py
+++ b/judge/models/bookmark.py
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ from django.db import models
 from django.db.models import CASCADE
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
+from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey
+from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
 
 from judge.models.profile import Profile
 
@@ -13,7 +15,11 @@ class BookMark(models.Model):
         max_length=30,
         verbose_name=_("associated page"),
         db_index=True,
-    )
+    )  # deprecated
+    score = models.IntegerField(verbose_name=_("votes"), default=0)
+    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
+    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
+    linked_object = GenericForeignKey("content_type", "object_id")
 
     def get_bookmark(self, user):
         userqueryset = MakeBookMark.objects.filter(bookmark=self, user=user)
@@ -22,31 +28,16 @@ class BookMark(models.Model):
         else:
             return False
 
-    def page_object(self):
-        from judge.models.contest import Contest
-        from judge.models.interface import BlogPost
-        from judge.models.problem import Problem, Solution
-
-        try:
-            page = self.page
-            if page.startswith("p:"):
-                return Problem.objects.get(code=page[2:])
-            elif page.startswith("c:"):
-                return Contest.objects.get(key=page[2:])
-            elif page.startswith("b:"):
-                return BlogPost.objects.get(id=page[2:])
-            elif page.startswith("s:"):
-                return Solution.objects.get(problem__code=page[2:])
-            return None
-        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
-            return None
-
     class Meta:
         verbose_name = _("bookmark")
         verbose_name_plural = _("bookmarks")
+        indexes = [
+            models.Index(fields=["content_type", "object_id"]),
+        ]
+        unique_together = ("content_type", "object_id")
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return self.page
+        return f"bookmark for {self.linked_object}"
 
 
 class MakeBookMark(models.Model):
@@ -56,6 +47,9 @@ class MakeBookMark(models.Model):
     )
 
     class Meta:
+        indexes = [
+            models.Index(fields=["user", "bookmark"]),
+        ]
         unique_together = ["user", "bookmark"]
         verbose_name = _("make bookmark")
         verbose_name_plural = _("make bookmarks")
diff --git a/judge/models/contest.py b/judge/models/contest.py
index 678d7c0..e6740cd 100644
--- a/judge/models/contest.py
+++ b/judge/models/contest.py
@@ -299,6 +299,8 @@ class Contest(models.Model):
         help_text=_("Number of digits to round points to."),
     )
     comments = GenericRelation("Comment")
+    pagevote = GenericRelation("PageVote")
+    bookmark = GenericRelation("BookMark")
 
     @cached_property
     def format_class(self):
diff --git a/judge/models/interface.py b/judge/models/interface.py
index 880b76b..dbec41c 100644
--- a/judge/models/interface.py
+++ b/judge/models/interface.py
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ class BlogPost(models.Model):
         verbose_name=_("private to organizations"), default=False
     )
     comments = GenericRelation("Comment")
+    pagevote = GenericRelation("PageVote")
+    bookmark = GenericRelation("BookMark")
 
     def __str__(self):
         return self.title
@@ -130,17 +132,21 @@ class BlogPost(models.Model):
             and self.authors.filter(id=user.profile.id).exists()
         )
 
-    @cached_property
-    def pagevote(self):
-        page = "b:%s" % self.id
-        pagevote, _ = PageVote.objects.get_or_create(page=page)
-        return pagevote
+    def get_or_create_pagevote(self):
+        if self.pagevote.count():
+            return self.pagevote.first()
+        new_pagevote = PageVote()
+        new_pagevote.linked_object = self
+        new_pagevote.save()
+        return new_pagevote
 
-    @cached_property
-    def bookmark(self):
-        page = "b:%s" % self.id
-        bookmark, _ = BookMark.objects.get_or_create(page=page)
-        return bookmark
+    def get_or_create_bookmark(self):
+        if self.bookmark.count():
+            return self.bookmark.first()
+        new_bookmark = BookMark()
+        new_bookmark.linked_object = self
+        new_bookmark.save()
+        return new_bookmark
 
     class Meta:
         permissions = (("edit_all_post", _("Edit all posts")),)
diff --git a/judge/models/pagevote.py b/judge/models/pagevote.py
index 16f1c6c..44a2b3c 100644
--- a/judge/models/pagevote.py
+++ b/judge/models/pagevote.py
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from django.db import models
 from django.db.models import CASCADE
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
+from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey
+from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
 
 from judge.models.profile import Profile
 
@@ -12,12 +14,19 @@ class PageVote(models.Model):
         max_length=30,
         verbose_name=_("associated page"),
         db_index=True,
-    )
+    )  # deprecated
     score = models.IntegerField(verbose_name=_("votes"), default=0)
+    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
+    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
+    linked_object = GenericForeignKey("content_type", "object_id")
 
     class Meta:
         verbose_name = _("pagevote")
         verbose_name_plural = _("pagevotes")
+        indexes = [
+            models.Index(fields=["content_type", "object_id"]),
+        ]
+        unique_together = ("content_type", "object_id")
 
     def vote_score(self, user):
         page_vote = PageVoteVoter.objects.filter(pagevote=self, voter=user)
@@ -27,7 +36,7 @@ class PageVote(models.Model):
             return 0
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return f"pagevote for {self.page}"
+        return f"pagevote for {self.linked_object}"
 
 
 class PageVoteVoter(models.Model):
diff --git a/judge/models/problem.py b/judge/models/problem.py
index 89e88f4..090dec7 100644
--- a/judge/models/problem.py
+++ b/judge/models/problem.py
@@ -272,6 +272,8 @@ class Problem(models.Model):
     objects = TranslatedProblemQuerySet.as_manager()
     tickets = GenericRelation("Ticket")
     comments = GenericRelation("Comment")
+    pagevote = GenericRelation("PageVote")
+    bookmark = GenericRelation("BookMark")
 
     organizations = models.ManyToManyField(
         Organization,
@@ -448,18 +450,6 @@ class Problem(models.Model):
     def usable_common_names(self):
         return set(self.usable_languages.values_list("common_name", flat=True))
 
-    @cached_property
-    def pagevote(self):
-        page = "p:%s" % self.code
-        pagevote, _ = PageVote.objects.get_or_create(page=page)
-        return pagevote
-
-    @cached_property
-    def bookmark(self):
-        page = "p:%s" % self.code
-        bookmark, _ = BookMark.objects.get_or_create(page=page)
-        return bookmark
-
     @property
     def usable_languages(self):
         return self.allowed_languages.filter(
@@ -559,6 +549,22 @@ class Problem(models.Model):
         cache.set(key, result)
         return result
 
+    def get_or_create_pagevote(self):
+        if self.pagevote.count():
+            return self.pagevote.first()
+        new_pagevote = PageVote()
+        new_pagevote.linked_object = self
+        new_pagevote.save()
+        return new_pagevote
+
+    def get_or_create_bookmark(self):
+        if self.bookmark.count():
+            return self.bookmark.first()
+        new_bookmark = BookMark()
+        new_bookmark.linked_object = self
+        new_bookmark.save()
+        return new_bookmark
+
     def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
         super(Problem, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
         if self.code != self.__original_code:
@@ -677,6 +683,8 @@ class Solution(models.Model):
     authors = models.ManyToManyField(Profile, verbose_name=_("authors"), blank=True)
     content = models.TextField(verbose_name=_("editorial content"))
     comments = GenericRelation("Comment")
+    pagevote = GenericRelation("PageVote")
+    bookmark = GenericRelation("BookMark")
 
     def get_absolute_url(self):
         problem = self.problem
diff --git a/judge/views/blog.py b/judge/views/blog.py
index 3985348..0310e27 100644
--- a/judge/views/blog.py
+++ b/judge/views/blog.py
@@ -109,9 +109,6 @@ class PostList(HomeFeedView):
         context["page_type"] = "blog"
         return context
 
-    def get_comment_page(self, post):
-        return "b:%s" % post.id
-
 
 class TicketFeed(HomeFeedView):
     model = Ticket
@@ -180,9 +177,6 @@ class PostView(TitleMixin, CommentedDetailView, PageVoteDetailView, BookMarkDeta
     def get_title(self):
         return self.object.title
 
-    def get_comment_page(self):
-        return "b:%s" % self.object.id
-
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
         context = super(PostView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
         context["og_image"] = self.object.og_image
diff --git a/judge/views/bookmark.py b/judge/views/bookmark.py
index 7efd5c4..860003b 100644
--- a/judge/views/bookmark.py
+++ b/judge/views/bookmark.py
@@ -71,6 +71,6 @@ def undobookmark_page(request):
 class BookMarkDetailView(TemplateResponseMixin, SingleObjectMixin, View):
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
         context = super(BookMarkDetailView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
-        queryset = BookMark.objects.get_or_create(page=self.get_comment_page())
-        context["bookmark"] = queryset[0]
+        queryset = self.object.bookmark
+        context["bookmark"] = queryset.first()
         return context
diff --git a/judge/views/contests.py b/judge/views/contests.py
index 6dd739a..b9f4b14 100644
--- a/judge/views/contests.py
+++ b/judge/views/contests.py
@@ -412,9 +412,6 @@ class ContestDetail(
 ):
     template_name = "contest/contest.html"
 
-    def get_comment_page(self):
-        return "c:%s" % self.object.key
-
     def get_title(self):
         return self.object.name
 
diff --git a/judge/views/organization.py b/judge/views/organization.py
index 58ac765..962be71 100644
--- a/judge/views/organization.py
+++ b/judge/views/organization.py
@@ -270,9 +270,6 @@ class OrganizationHome(OrganizationHomeView, FeedView):
             .prefetch_related("authors__user", "organizations")
         )
 
-    def get_comment_page(self, post):
-        return "b:%s" % post.id
-
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
         context = super(OrganizationHome, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
         context["title"] = self.organization.name
diff --git a/judge/views/pagevote.py b/judge/views/pagevote.py
index e4c5006..c537651 100644
--- a/judge/views/pagevote.py
+++ b/judge/views/pagevote.py
@@ -101,6 +101,6 @@ class PageVoteDetailView(TemplateResponseMixin, SingleObjectMixin, View):
 
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
         context = super(PageVoteDetailView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
-        queryset = PageVote.objects.get_or_create(page=self.get_comment_page())
-        context["pagevote"] = queryset[0]
+        queryset = self.object.pagevote
+        context["pagevote"] = queryset.first()
         return context
diff --git a/judge/views/problem.py b/judge/views/problem.py
index 5697bd3..2be9cb4 100644
--- a/judge/views/problem.py
+++ b/judge/views/problem.py
@@ -224,9 +224,6 @@ class ProblemSolution(
         context["has_solved_problem"] = self.problem.id in self.get_completed_problems()
         return context
 
-    def get_comment_page(self):
-        return "s:" + self.problem.code
-
 
 class ProblemRaw(
     ProblemMixin, TitleMixin, TemplateResponseMixin, SingleObjectMixin, View
@@ -270,9 +267,6 @@ class ProblemDetail(
     context_object_name = "problem"
     template_name = "problem/problem.html"
 
-    def get_comment_page(self):
-        return "p:%s" % self.object.code
-
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
         context = super(ProblemDetail, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
         user = self.request.user
@@ -843,9 +837,6 @@ class ProblemFeed(ProblemList, FeedView):
     title = _("Problem feed")
     feed_type = None
 
-    def get_comment_page(self, problem):
-        return "p:%s" % problem.code
-
     # arr = [[], [], ..]
     def merge_recommendation(self, arr):
         seed = datetime.now().strftime("%d%m%Y")
diff --git a/templates/blog/content.html b/templates/blog/content.html
index 4124729..535866b 100644
--- a/templates/blog/content.html
+++ b/templates/blog/content.html
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
       <div class="show-more"> {{_("...More")}} </div>
     </div>
     <div class="actionbar-box">
-      {% set pagevote = post.pagevote %}
-      {% set bookmark = post.bookmark %}
+      {% set pagevote = post.get_or_create_pagevote() %}
+      {% set bookmark = post.get_or_create_bookmark() %}
       {% set hide_actionbar_comment = True %}
       {% set include_hr = False %}
       {% set share_url = request.build_absolute_uri(post.get_absolute_url()) %}
diff --git a/templates/problem/feed/problems.html b/templates/problem/feed/problems.html
index 63f365d..add8566 100644
--- a/templates/problem/feed/problems.html
+++ b/templates/problem/feed/problems.html
@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@
       <div class="show-more"> {{_("...More")}} </div>
     </div>
     <div class="actionbar-box">
-      {% set pagevote = problem.pagevote %}
-      {% set bookmark = problem.bookmark %}
+      {% set pagevote = problem.get_or_create_pagevote() %}
+      {% set bookmark = problem.get_or_create_bookmark() %}
       {% set hide_actionbar_comment = True %}
       {% set include_hr = False %}
       {% set share_url = request.build_absolute_uri(problem.get_absolute_url()) %}
diff --git a/templates/user/user-bookmarks.html b/templates/user/user-bookmarks.html
index 75aaece..2c15311 100644
--- a/templates/user/user-bookmarks.html
+++ b/templates/user/user-bookmarks.html
@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@
       <table style="display: none" class="table toggled">
         <tbody>
           {% for post in blogs %}
-            {% if post.bookmark.page_object() %}
+            {% set object = post.bookmark.linked_object %}
+            {% if object %}
               <tr>
                 <td class="bookmark-name">
-                  <a href="{{ url('blog_post', post.bookmark.page_object().id, post.bookmark.page_object().slug) }}">{{ post.bookmark.page_object().title}} </a>
+                  <a href="{{ url('blog_post', object.id, object.slug) }}">{{ object.title}} </a>
                 </td>
               </tr>
             {% endif %}
@@ -36,10 +37,11 @@
       <table style="display: none" class="table toggled">
         <tbody>
           {% for problem in problems %}
-            {% if problem.bookmark.page_object() %}
+            {% set object = problem.bookmark.linked_object %}
+            {% if object %}
               <tr>
                 <td class="bookmark-name">
-                  <a href="{{ url('problem_detail', problem.bookmark.page_object().code) }}">{{ problem.bookmark.page_object().name}} </a>
+                  <a href="{{ url('problem_detail', object.code) }}">{{ object.name}} </a>
                 </td>
               </tr>
             {% endif %}
@@ -57,10 +59,11 @@
       </thead>
       <tbody>
         {% for contest in contests %}
-          {% if contest.bookmark.page_object() %}
+          {% set object = contest.bookmark.linked_object %}
+          {% if object %}
             <tr>
               <td class="bookmark-name">
-                <a href="{{ url('contest_view', contest.bookmark.page_object().key) }}">{{ contest.bookmark.page_object().name}} </a>
+                <a href="{{ url('contest_view', object.key) }}">{{ object.name}} </a>
               </td>
             </tr>
           {% endif %}
@@ -78,10 +81,11 @@
       </thead>
       <tbody>
         {% for solution in solutions %}
-          {% if solution.bookmark.page_object() %}
+          {% set object = solution.bookmark.linked_object %}
+          {% if object %}
             <tr>
               <td class="bookmark-name">
-                <a href="{{ url('problem_editorial', solution.bookmark.page_object().problem.code) }}">{{ solution.bookmark.page_object().problem.name}} </a>
+                <a href="{{ url('problem_editorial', object.problem.code) }}">{{ object.problem.name}} </a>
               </td>
             </tr>
           {% endif %}